What does India's Tiranga symbolise and when was it adopted?

India's Tiranga symbolises courage, peace, growth and progress through its saffron, white and green bands and the 24-spoke Ashoka Chakra. Designed by Pingali Venkayya, its earlier versions evolved during the freedom movement before the present national flag was adopted on July 22, 1947. The Constituent Assembly adopted it as the National Flag of free India, symbolising unity, freedom and pride.