Why has CBSE made the 3-language formula compulsory for Class 9?

CBSE has made studying three languages (R1, R2 and R3) compulsory for students from Class IX beginning July 1, 2026. CBSE said this is meant to implement the three-language formula more strictly under the NEP 2020, reported HT. The aim is to bring language learning in line with national education reforms, promote multilingual learning, and encourage Indian languages alongside English.