World's first successful human kidney transplant was in 1954

The first successful human kidney transplant was performed on December 23, 1954, from one identical twin to another by Dr Joseph Murray, without using immune-suppressing drugs. However, the first experimental kidney transplants were performed in Austria with animals in 1902. The first human-to-human transplant was attempted in 1933, but it failed due mismatches in donor and recipient blood groups.