A National Green Tribunal (NGT) committee has recommended a ₹171.34-crore fine on German automaker Volkswagen as "health damage" for causing air pollution in Delhi due to excess nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions. Around 3.27 lakh Volkswagen cars in India had a 'cheat device' which led to violation of emission norms. NOx is a smog-forming pollutant causing heart and lung diseases.