Iran's total direct and indirect losses could amount to $24–$35 billion, close to 6-9% of its GDP, during the 12-day conflict with Israel, defence analyst Andreas Krieg told TRT World in an interview. He estimated Israel's losses between $11.5 billion and $17.8 billion. Meanwhile, the US' Operation Midnight Hammer targeting Iran's nuclear installations is estimated to cost around $1-2 billion.