In State of Punjab v Davinder Singh, the Supreme Court examined whether sub-classification within Scheduled Caste reservations is constitutionally permissible. A seven-judge bench upheld a Punjab law giving preference to Valmikis and Mazhabi Sikhs, allowing quota within quota based on empirical data. The Court overruled E V Chinnaiah, citing Articles 14 and 341 and Indra Sawhney.