President Droupadi Murmu gave assent to the three new criminal justice bills passed by Parliament. The Rajya Sabha on Dec 21 passed the three criminal bills–the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023; the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023; and the Bharatiya Sakshya Bill, 2023–replacing the IPC, the CrPC and the Evidence Act. The bills were earlier passed by the Lok Sabha.