Sixty-eight percent of India's population falls in the age group of 15-64, as compared to 69% in China. In India, 26% of the population falls in the 10-24 age group, while 25% people are in the 0-14 age group, according to UNFPA. China has 18% of its population in the 10-24 age group and 17% people in 0-14 age group.