Credit card-linked UPI exempt from new 0.4% MDR

The government clarified that credit card-linked UPI transactions, including RuPay credit cards and pre-sanctioned credit lines, are exempt from the new 0.4% MDR framework effective October 15. The MDR applies only to direct account-to-merchant UPI transactions above ₹2,000. Over 95% of UPI person-to-merchant transactions remain unaffected.